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Medicinal bee plants

Bee Plants for Human and Animal Health

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Dear Bee and Nature Friends ,

The following over 120 plants have multiple uses: as food and medicinal sources for bees (nectar, pollen, resins and balsams), as food sources and natural drugs potentially for every living being, including us! If you have the possibility to protect or grow these plants please DO IT!!! Ask your local gardener, if necessary, for more "technical" advice. By protecting these plants you protect your own, and others, Life and Health! If you know of other medicinal bee plants in your area, please update us.

 

We will be happy to spread your word!

 

TREES

 

 

Common name

 

 

Latin name

 

 

Useful parts

 

 

Crop (honey/ha)

 

 

FIR TREE

 

 

Abies alba

 

 

buds, resins, essential oils, pollen, sap for honeydew honey

 

 

15-20 kg/ha

 

 

SWEET CHESTNUT

 

 

Castanea sativa

 

fruits, nectar, pollen

 

 

30-120 kg/ha

 

 

HORSE-CHESTNUT

 

 

Aesculus hippocastanum

 

nectar, pollen, seeds

 

 

30-100 kg/ha

 

 

BEECH TREE

 

 

Fagus silvatica

 

 

leaves, bark, nectar, pollen, sap for honeydew honey

 

 

20 kg/ha

 

 

ASH TREE

 

 

Fraxinus excelsior

 

 

leaves, pollen, sap for honeydew honey

 

 

15-20 kg/ha

 

 

FIELD MAPLE

 

 

Acer campestre

 

 

bark, nectar, pollen, sap for honeydew honey

 

 

200-400 kg/ha

 

 

BIRCH TREE

 

 

Betula alba

 

leaves, resins, resins and balsams, pollen, sap for honeydew honey

 

 

8-10 kg/ha

 

 

ROUND LOGS SPRUCE

 

 

Picea excelsa

 

 

Resins, essential oils, pollen, sap for honeydew honey

 

 

15-20 kg/ha

 

 

WALNUT

 

 

Juglans regia

 

Leaves, fruits, pollen

 

----

 

 

GOLDEN RAINTREE

 

 

Koelreuteria paniculata

 

 

Flowers, nectar, pollen

 

 

100-200 kg/ha

 

 

NORWAY MAPLE

 

 

Acer platanoides

 

 

Flowers, bark, nectar, pollen, sap for honeydew honey

 

 

100-200 kg/ha

 

 

PINE

 

 

Pinus silvestris

 

 

Resins, buds, essential oils, pollen, sap for honeydew honey

 

 

----

 

 

POPLAR

 

 

Populus nigra

 

buds, resins and balsams, pollen, sap for honeydew honey

 

 

----

 

 

JAPANESE PAGODA TREE

 

 

Sophora japonica

 

 

Leaves, flowering buds; small, young branches; fruits nectar, pollen

 

 

300-350 kg/ha

 

 

ACACIA

 

 

Robinia pseudoacacia

 

 

Flowers, pollen, nectar

 

 

1000 kg/ha

 

 

WHITE WILLOW

 

 

Salix alba

 

 

bark, nectar, pollen, sap for honeydew honey

 

 

100-120 kg/ha

 

 

GOAT WILLOW

 

 

Salix caprea

 

 

bark, nectar, pollen

 

 

100-200 kg/ha

 

 

OAK

 

 

Quercus robur

 

 

bark, pollen, sap for honeydew honey

 

 

----

 

 

SILVER LINDEN

 

 

Tilia tomentosa

 

 

flowers, nectar, pollen

 

 

1200 kg/ha

 

 

LARGE LEAVED LIME

 

 

Tilia platyphyllos

 

 

flowers, pollen, nectar

 

 

800 kg/ha

 

 

SMALL LEAVED LIME

 

 

Tilia cordata

 

 

flowers, nectar, pollen

 

 

1000 kg/ha

 

 

ELM TREE

 

 

Ulmus campestris

 

 

bark, pollen, sap for honeydew honey

 

 

8-10 kg/ha

 

 

 

 

SHRUBS

 

 

Common name

 

 

Latin name

 

 

Useful parts

 

 

Crop (honey/ha)

 

 

BILBERRY BUSH

 

 

Vaccinum myrtillus

 

 

Leaves, fruits, nectar, pollen

 

 

10-12 kg/ha

 

 

GOOSEBERRY BARBERRY

 

 

Ribes grossularis/uva crispa

 

 

fruits, nectar, pollen

 

 

25-70 kg/ha

 

 

GOLDEN FLOWERING CURRANT

 

 

Ribes aureum

 

 

fruits, nectar, pollen

 

 

----

 

 

HAZELNUT TREE FILBERT

 

 

Corylus avellana

 

 

fruits, pollen, sap for honeydew honey

 

 

15-20 kg/ha

 

 

BOX TREE

 

 

Buxus sempervirens

 

 

Leaves, roots, wood, nectar, pollen

 

 

----

 

 

SNOWBALL TREE

 

 

Viburnum opulus

 

 

bark, nectar, pollen

 

 

25-40 kg/ha

 

 

COMMON SEA BUCKTHORN

 

 

Hippophae rhamnoides

 

 

fruits, nectar, pollen

 

 

25 kg/ha

 

 

SALTCEDAR

 

 

Tamarix ramosissima/galica

 

 

bark, roots, branches, flowers, leaves with branches, nectar, pollen

 

 

25 kg/ha

 

 

BLACK CURRANT. CASSIS

 

 

Ribes nigrum

 

 

leaves, fruits, nectar, pollen

 

 

10-30 kg/ha

 

 

ALDER BUCKTHORN

 

 

Rhamnus frangula

 

 

bark, nectar, pollen

 

 

35-100 kg/ha

 

 

BARBERRY

 

 

Berberis vulgaris

 

 

bark from the roots and stem, fruits, nectar, pollen

 

 

30 kg/ha

 

 

IVY

 

 

Hedera helix

 

 

leaves, nectar, pollen

 

 

----

 

 

ROSEHIPS Hipberry

 

 

Rosa canina

 

 

pseudofruits, fruits, nectar, pollen

 

 

10-20 kg/ha

 

 

BLACKBERRY

 

 

Rubus fruticosus

 

 

leaves, fruits, nectar, pollen

 

 

----

 

 

EUROPEAN DEWBERRY

 

 

Rubus caesius

 

 

fruits, nectar, pollen

 

 

30-50 kg/ha

 

 

 

 

 

Rhus glabra/tiphina

 

 

nectar, pollen

 

 

30-60 kg/ha

 

 

HAWTHORN

 

 

Crataegus sp.

 

 

flowers, leaves, fruits, nectar, pollen

 

 

35-100 kg/ha

 

 

CHRIST'S THORN

 

 

Paliurus spina christi

 

 

fruits, nectar

 

 

 

 

 

BLACKTHORN

 

 

Prunus spinosa

 

 

flowers, fruits, bark of the roots + stem; pollen, nectar

 

 

25-40 kg/ha

 

 

ROSEMARIE

 

 

Rosmarinus officinalis

 

 

flowers, nectar

 

 

----

 

 

CORNEL TREE (BLOODY TWING)

 

 

Cornus sanguinea

 

 

fruits, bark, nectar, pollen

 

 

20-30 kg/ha

 

 

VINE
Grape-vine

 

 

Vitis vinifera

 

 

fruits, nectar, pollen

 

 

5-10 kg/ha

 

 

SWEET MOCK ORANGE. ENGLISH DOGWOOD

 

 

Philadelphus coronarius

 

 

flowers, nectar, pollen

 

 

30 kg/ha

 

 

RASPBERRY

 

 

Rubus idaeus

 

 

leaves, fruits, nectar, pollen

 

 

50-200 kg/ha

 

 

 

 

FRUIT TREES

 

 

Common name

 

 

Latin name

 

 

Useful parts

 

 

Crop (honey/ha)

 

 

BLUEBERRY, Billberry

 

 

Vaccinum myrtillus

 

leaves, fruits, nectar, pollen

 

 

15-30 kg/ha

 

 

HAZELNUT

 

 

Corylus avellana

 

 

fruits, pollen, sap for honeydew honey

 

 

15-20 kg/ha

 

 

APRICOT TREE

 

 

Prunus armeniaca

 

 

fruits, nectar, pollen

 

 

25-40 kg/ha

 

 

CHERRY TREE

 

 

Prunus avium

 

 

fruits, nectar, pollen

 

 

20-40 kg/ha

 

 

WAX CHERRY TREE

 

 

Prunus cerasifera

 

 

fruits, nectar, pollen

 

 

25 kg/ha

 

 

CORNEL TREE

 

 

Cornus mas

 

 

leaves, bark, fruits, nectar, pollen

 

 

20 kg/ha

 

 

MULBERRY TREE (White fruits)

 

 

Morus alba

 

 

leaves, fruits (i)mature bark of roots, pollen

 

 

----

 

 

MULBERRY TREE (Black fruits)

 

 

Morus nigra

 

 

leaves, fruits (i)mature, bark of roots, pollen

 

 

----

 

 

QUINCE TREE

 

 

Cydonia oblonga

 

 

fruits, nectar, pollen

 

 

30 kg/ha

 

 

LEMON TREE

 

 

Citrus limon

 

 

fruits, nectar, pollen

 

 

----

 

 

APPLE TREE

 

 

Malus domestica

 

 

fruits, nectar, pollen

 

 

20-30 kg/ha

 

 

ALMOND TREE

 

 

Prunus amygdalus

 

 

fruits, nectar, pollen

 

 

 

 

 

HAWTHORN

 

 

Crataegus sp.

 

 

flowers, leaves, fruits, nectar, pollen

 

 

35-100 kg/ha

 

 

PEAR TREE

 

 

Pyrus communis

 

 

leaves, fruits, bark, nectar, pollen

 

 

8-20 kg/ha

 

 

PEACH TREE

 

 

Prunus persica

 

 

flowers, leaves, fruits, nectar, pollen

 

 

20-40 kg/ha

 

 

PLUM TREE

 

 

Prunus domestica

 

 

fruits, nectar, pollen

 

 

20-30 kg/ha

 

 

CHERRY TREE (Sour fruits)

 

 

Prunus cerasus

 

 

fruits, nectar, pollen

 

 

30-40 kg/ha

 

 

VINE (Grape-vine)

 

 

Vitis vinifera

 

 

leaves, grapes, spring sap, wine, nectar, pollen

 

 

5-10 kg/ha

 

 

RASPBERRY

 

 

Rubus idaeus

 

 

leaves, fruits, nectar, pollen

 

 

50-200 kg/ha

 

 

 

 

TREES, SHRUBS for HEDGES

 

 

Common name

 

 

Latin name

 

 

Useful parts

 

 

Crop (honey/ha)

 

 

BILBERRY

 

 

Vaccinium myrtillus

 

 

nectar, pollen, leaves, fruits

 

 

15-30 kg./ha

 

 

BOX TREE

 

 

Buxus sempervirens

 

 

leaves, roots, wood, nectar, pollen

 

 

----

 

 

ALDER BUCKTHORN

 

 

Rhamnus frangula

 

 

bark, nectar, pollen

 

 

35-100 kg/ha

 

 

BARBERRY

 

 

Berberis vulgaris

 

 

bark of roots and stem, fruits, nectar, pollen

 

 

30 kg/ha

 

 

HONEY-LOCUST TREE (Gleditsia

 

 

Gleditschia triacanthos

 

 

fruits, nectar, pollen

 

 

----

 

 

LILAC

 

 

Syringa vulgaris

 

 

flowers, nectar, pollen

 

 

10-20 kg/ha

 

 

ROSEHIPS

 

 

Rosa canina

 

 

pseudo-fruits, fruits, nectar, pollen

 

 

10-20 kg/ha

 

 

HAWTHORN

 

 

Crataegus sp.

 

 

flowers, leaves, fruits, nectar, pollen

 

 

35-100 kg/ha

 

 

CHRIST'S THORN

 

 

Paliurus spina christi

 

 

fruits, nectar

 

 

----

 

 

BLACK THORN

 

 

Prunus spinosa

 

 

flowers, fruits, bark from roots + stem; pollen, nectar

 

 

25-40 kg/ha

 

 

ROSEMARIE

 

 

Rosmarinus officinalis

 

 

flowers, nectar

 

 

----

 

 

ACCACIA

 

 

Robinia pseudoacacia

 

 

flowers, pollen, nectar

 

 

1000 kg/ha !!

 

 

BUCKTHORN

 

 

Rhamnus cathartica

 

 

fruits, nectar

 

 

----

 

 

HIBISCUS SP.

 

 

Hibiscus esculentum. Hibiscus trionum

 

 

herba, nectar, pollen

 

 

----

 

 

VERVAIN

 

 

Verbena officinalis

 

 

nectar

 

 

----

 

 

 

 

PERENNIAL BEE AND MEDICINAL PLANTS

 

 

Common name

 

 

Latin name

 

 

Useful parts

 

 

Crop (honey/ha)

 

 

ANGELICA

 

 

Archangelica officinalis

 

 

fruits, roots, nectar, pollen

 

 

90 kg/ha

 

 

ARTICHOKE

 

 

Cynara scolymus

 

 

leaves, nectar, pollen

 

 

150-400 kg/ha

 

 

BEAR'S GARLIC

 

 

Allium ursinum

 

nectar, pollen, leaves

 

1kg./day/hive

 

 

COMFREY

 

 

Symphitum officinale

 

nectar, pollen, roots

 

 

130-220 kg./ha

 

 

MARJORAM

 

 

Origanum vulgare

 

 

herba, essential oils, nectar, pollen

 

 

----

 

 

CATMINT

 

 

Nepeta cataria

 

 

nectar, leaves, flowers with stems

 

 

 

 

 

CHICORY

 

 

Cichorium intybus

 

 

herba, roots, rhizome, nectar, pollen

 

 

100 kg/ha

 

 

SHEPHERD'S THYME

 

 

Thymus serpylli

 

 

herba, nectar, pollen

 

 

200 kg/ha

 

 

FOENICULUM Fennel

 

 

Foeniculum vulgare

 

 

Seeds, nectar, pollen

 

 

25-100 kg/ha

 

 

SNOWDROP

 

 

Galanthus nivalis

 

 

bulb, nectar, pollen

 

 

----

 

 

BIRD'S FOOT TREFOIL

 

 

Lotus corniculatus

 

 

leaves, flowers, nectar, pollen

 

 

15-30 kg/ha

 

 

HOPS

 

 

Humulus lupulus

 

 

cones, nectar

 

 

----

 

 

HYSSOP

 

 

Hyssopus officinalis

 

 

herba, essential oils, nectar, pollen

 

 

50-100 kg/ha

 

 

LAVENDER

 

 

Lavandula angustifolia

 

 

flowers, essential oils, nectar, pollen

 

 

50-100 kg/ha

 

 

ALFALFA

 

 

Medicago sativa

 

 

germinated seeds, nectar, pollen

 

 

25-200 kg/ha

 

 

MINT

 

 

Mentha piperita

 

 

herba, nectar, pollen

 

 

100-200 kg/ha

 

 

MALLOW

 

 

Malva silvestris

 

 

ripped seeds, nectar, pollen

 

 

30-50 kg/ha

 

 

DANDELION

 

 

Taraxacum officinale

 

 

herba, roots, nectar, pollen

 

 

200 kg/ha

 

 

COLT'S FOOT

 

 

Tussilago farfara L.

 

 

flowers, leaves, nectar, pollen

 

 

----

 

 

EPILOBIUM, Willow herb

 

 

Chamenerion/Epilobium hyrsutum

 

 

herb, nectar, pollen

 

 

40-60 kg/ha

 

 

BALM MINT

 

 

Melissa officinalis

 

 

leaves, nectar, pollen

 

 

100-150 kg/ha

 

 

MEADOW SAGE, GARDEN SAGE

 

 

Salvia pratensis, Salvia off.

 

 

leaves, nectar, pollen

 

 

280 kg/ha

 

 

SEA HOLLY; FIELD ERYNGO

 

 

Eryngium planum, campestre

 

 

herba, nectar, pollen

 

 

100-150 kg/ha

 

 

ASPARAGUS

 

 

Asparagus officinale

 

 

plant, nectar, pollen

 

 

----

 

 

GOLDEN ROD

 

 

Solidago virgaurea

 

 

herba, nectar, pollen

 

 

 

 

 

SWEET CLOVER (Melilot)

 

 

Melilotus officinalis

 

 

young branches, nectar, pollen

 

 

150-300 kg/ha

 

 

MOTHERWORT

 

 

Leonurus cardiaca

 

 

young branches, nectar, pollen

 

 

200-400 kg/ha

 

 

WHITE CLOVER

 

 

Trifolium repens

 

 

flowers, nectar, pollen

 

 

100-250 kg/ha

 

 

RED CLOVER

 

 

Trifolium pratense

 

 

flowers, nectar, pollen

 

 

25-50 kg/ha

 

 

HOREHOUND

 

 

Marrubium vulgare

 

 

young branches, nectar, pollen

 

 

50 kg/ha

 

 

DEAD NETTLE

 

 

Lamium album

 

 

herba, nectar, pollen

 

 

50-150 kg/ha

 

 

MISTLETOE

 

 

Viscum album

 

 

leaves, branches, nectar

 

 

----

 

 

 

 

 

Eupatorium cannabinum

 

 

herba, nectar, pollen

 

 

----

 

 

SPEEDWELL

 

 

Veronica officinalis

 

 

flowers, nectar, pollen

 

 

40 kg/ha

 

 

SAINT JOHN'S WORT

 

 

Hypericum perforatum

 

 

herba, pollen

 

 

----

 

 

 

 

ANNUAL BEE AND MEDICINAL PLANTS

 

 

Common name

 

 

Latin name

 

 

Useful parts

 

 

Crop (honey/ha)

 

 

CORN FLOWER

 

 

Centaurea cyanus

 

 

flowers, nectar, pollen

 

 

60 kg/ha

 

 

DILL

 

 

Anethum graveolens

 

 

herba, nectar, pollen

 

 

-----

 

 

ANISE

 

 

Pimpinella anisum

 

 

fruits, essential oils, nectar, pollen

 

 

50 kg/ha

 

 

BASIL

 

 

Ocimum basilicum

 

herba without old (woody) branches, essential oils, nectar, pollen

 

 

100-120 Kg/ha

 

 

THYME

 

 

Thymus vulgaris

 

 

herba, seeds, nectar

 

 

----

 

 

CORIANDER

 

 

Coriandrum sativum

 

 

seeds, nectar, pollen

 

 

100-500 kg/ha

 

 

PUMPKIN

 

 

Cucurbita maxima

 

 

seeds, nectar, pollen

 

 

75-105 kg/ha

 

 

BEAN

 

 

Faseolus vulgaris

 

 

hull of seeds (fructus phaseoli sine semine); nectar

 

 

----

 

 

SUNFLOWER

 

 

Helianthus annuus

 

 

seeds, oil, nectar, pollen

 

 

34-102 kg/ha

 

 

MARIGOLD

 

 

Calendula officinalis

 

flowers, nectar, pollen

 

 

----

 

 

BUCKWHEAT

 

 

Fagopyrum esculentum

 

 

seeds, herba with flowers; nectar, pollen

 

 

50-60 kg/ha

 

 

FLOSS FLOWER

 

 

Ageratum mexicanum

 

pollen

 

 

analgetic, antiiflamatory, antibacterian

 

 

LING

 

 

Calluna vulgaris

 

 

Small young branches with complete open leaves, nectar, pollen

 

 

200 kg/ha

 

 

FLAX

 

 

Linum usitatissimum

 

 

seeds, nectar, pollen

 

 

10 kg/ha

 

 

RED POPPY

 

 

Papaver rhoeas

 

 

seeds, pollen, nectar

 

 

----

 

 

MUSTARD (white)

 

 

Sinapis alba

 

 

seeds, nectar, pollen

 

 

40 kg/ha

 

 

CHARLOCK

 

 

Sinapis arvensis

 

 

seeds, nectar, pollen

 

 

40 kg/ha

 

 

MELON

 

 

Cucumis melo

 

 

fruit, nectar, pollen

 

 

10-40 Kg/ha

 

 

WATER MELLON

 

 

Citrullus lanatus

 

 

fruit, seeds, nectar, pollen

 

 

40-100 kg/ha

 

 

CORN

 

 

Zea mays

 

 

stygmata maydis; seeds; pollen

 

 

----

 

 

RADISH

 

 

Raphanus sativus

 

 

nectar, pollen

 

 

40-50 kg/ha

 

 

BEET

 

 

Beta vulgaris

 

 

roots, nectar, pollen

 

 

5-15 kg/ha

 

 

WHITE SWEET CLOVER

 

 

Melilotus alba

 

 

flowers, herba, nectar, pollen

 

 

200-500 kg/ha

 

 

CABBAGE

 

 

Brassica oleracea

 

 

leaves, nectar, pollen

 

 

20-30 kg/ha

 

 

VERVAIN

 

 

Verbena officinalis

 

 

herba, nectar

 

 

----

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Bee plants in Danish language

BEE and MEDICINAL PLANTS IN DENMARK
by Arnoud Robert Huizer , Denmark